SARKIN HALITTU, SHUGABANMU ANNABI
Muhammadu alaihis-salam habibin (masoyin) Allahu Ta’ala ne; shi ne mafi ɗaukaka, mafi kyau kuma mafi daraja ta kowace fuska a cikin dukkan mutanen da aka halitta da sauran halittu. Shi ne Annabi na ƙarshe kuma mafi ɗaukaka, wanda Allahu Ta’ala Ya yaba, Ya zaɓe shi Ya aiko shi annabi ga dukkan mutane da aljanu.
An aiko shi rahama ga talikai, kuma an halicci kowane abu saboda darajarsa. Sunansa mai albarka Muhammadu ne, wanda yake nufin “wanda aka yaba akai-akai, wanda aka yaba ƙwarai”. Yana da wasu sunaye masu albarka kuma, kamar Ahmad, Mahmud, Mustafa. Sunan ubansa Abdullahi ne. An haifi Annabinmu shekara 53 (51 bisa kalandar rana) kafin Hijira, a ranar goma sha biyu ga watan Rabi’ul-Awwal, daren Litinin, gab da asuba, a Makka al-Mukarrama. Masana tarihi sun sanar da cewa wannan rana ta zo daidai da ranar ashirin ga watan Afrilu na shekara ta 571 Miladiyya.
Watanni kaɗan kafin a haife shi, ubansa Abdullahi ya rasu; yana da shekara shida kuma uwarsa Amina ta rasu. Saboda haka aka ba Shugabanmu Annabi laƙabin “Durr-i Yatim” (lu’ulu’u tilo, babba kuma mafi daraja, da ke cikin ƙumbar halittu). Har ya kai shekara takwas ya zauna a wurin kakansa Abdulmuɗɗalib, bayan mutuwarsa kuma a wurin baffansa Abu Ɗalib. Yana da shekara ashirin da biyar ya auri uwarmu Khadijatul-Kubra. Ɗansa na farko da ya haifa da wannan mata sunansa Ƙasim. A wurin Larabawa al’ada ce a kira mutum da sunan ɗansa na fari, a ba shi laƙabi (kunya). Saboda haka aka kira Annabinmu “Abul-Ƙasim”, wato “uban Ƙasim”.
Yana da shekara arba’in, Allahu Ta’ala Ya sanar da shi cewa shi annabi ne ga dukkan mutane da aljanu. Bayan shekara uku ya fara kiran kowa zuwa ga imani. Yana da shekara hamsin da biyu Mi’iraji ya auku.1 A shekara ta 622 Miladiyya, yana da shekara 53 (51 bisa kalandar rana), ya yi hijira daga Makka zuwa Madina. Ya yi yaƙe-yaƙe ashirin da bakwai: a tara daga cikinsu ya kai hari a matsayin soja; a sauran kuma ya kasance a matsayin babban kwamanda. Ya yi wafati a shekara ta 11 bayan Hijira (632 Miladiyya), a ranar goma sha biyu ga watan Rabi’ul-Awwal, ranar Litinin, kafin azahar, yana da shekara 63 (61 bisa kalandar rana), a Madina al-Munawwara.
Duk da cewa Allahu Ta’ala Ya yi wa dukkan annabawanSa magana da sunansu, shi kaɗai Ya girmama da kiransa “Habibi” (MasoyiNa). Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki Ya ce a cikin wata aya mai girma, a ma’ana2: “Ba Mu aike ka ba face rahama ga talikai”3, a cikin wani hadisi ƙudusi kuma: “Da ba kai ba, da ba kai ba, da ban halicci halittu ba!”4 Kamar yadda Sayyid Abdulhakim Arwasi ya ce: “Kowane annabi, a zamaninsa da kuma a wurinsa, ya fi dukkan mutanensa ta kowace fuska. Amma Annabinmu Muhammadu alaihis-salam, tun daga ranar da aka halicci duniya har zuwa Ranar Ƙiyama, a kowane zamani da kowace ƙasa, shi ne mafi falala, mafi ɗaukaka ta kowace fuska a cikin dukkan halittun da suka zo da waɗanda za su zo. Babu wanda ya fi shi ta kowace fuska. Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki haka Ya halicce shi.”
Halittar nurinsa mai albarka
Kafin kowane abu, wato kafin Ya halicci kowane abu, Allahu Ta’ala Ya halicci haske mai albarka (nuri) na ƙaunataccen Annabinmu, Muhammadu alaihis-salam. Mafi yawan malamanmu na tafsiri da na hadisi sun sanar da cewa: “Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki Ya halicci wani jauhari mai laushi kuma mai girma daga nurinSa, daga wannan jauhari kuma Ya samar da dukkan halittu bi da bi. Wannan jauhari ana kiransa ‘Nur-i Muhammadi’. Farko da asalin dukkan rayuka da jikuna wannan jauhari ne.”
“Da ba kai ba, da ba kai ba, da ban halicci halittu ba!” Hadisi ƙudusi
Wata rana Jabir ɗan Abdullahi, ɗaya daga cikin Sahabbai masu girma, ya tambaya: “Ya Manzon Allah! Mene ne abin da Allahu Ta’ala Ya fara halitta kafin kowane abu?” Manzon Allah ya ce: “Kafin kowane abu, Ya halicci nurin Annabinka, wato nurina, daga nurinSa. A lokacin babu Lauhu, babu Alƙalami, babu Aljanna, babu Wuta, babu mala’ika, babu sammai (samawat), babu ƙasa (ard), babu rana, babu wata, babu mutane, babu aljanu.”
Lokacin da aka halicci zuciya da jiki mai daraja na Adamu alaihis-salam, an sanya Nur-i Muhammadi a tsakanin giran idanunsa biyu. Lokacin da aka ba shi rai, Adamu alaihis-salam ya lura cewa a goshinsa akwai wani nuri da yake haskakawa kamar tauraruwar Gamzaki.
Lokacin da aka halicci Adamu alaihis-salam, ya fahimta ta hanyar ilhami cewa Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki Yana kiransa da Abu Muhammadu, wato uban Muhammadu. Da Adamu ya tambaya: “Ya Ubangijina! Don me Ka ba ni laƙabin Abu Muhammadu?”, sai Allahu Ta’ala Ya ce masa: “Ya Adamu! Ɗaga kanka!” Adamu alaihis-salam ya ɗaga kansa ya duba: ya ga a Arsh-i A’la5 sunan ƙaunataccen Annabinmu (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam), a rubuce da nuri – sunan Ahmad. Sai ya tambaya: “Ya Ubangijina! Wane ne wannan?” Allahu Ta’ala Ya ce: “Wannan wani annabi ne daga zuriyarka. Sunansa a sammai Ahmad ne, a ƙasa kuwa Muhammadu. Da ba shi ba, da ban halicce ka ba. Da ban halicci ƙasa da sammai ba.”6
Nurinsa ya riƙa wucewa daga goshi mai tsarki zuwa goshi mai tsarki
Lokacin da aka halicci Adamu alaihis-salam, an sanya nuri mai daraja na ƙaunataccen Annabinmu, Muhammadu alaihis-salam, a goshinsa. Wannan nuri ya fara haskakawa a goshinsa. Kamar yadda aka sanar a littafin “Tafsir-i Mazhari”, tun daga Adamu alaihis-salam ya wuce ta ubanni tsarkaka da uwaye tsarkaka, har ya iso ga Shugabanmu Annabi. Allahu Ta’ala Ya sanar da wannan a cikin wata aya mai girma7, a ma’ana, kamar haka:
“Kai, wato nurinka, an riƙa juya shi daga masu sujada zuwa masu sujada, har ya koma, ya iso gare ka.”8
A cikin wani hadisi mai daraja an ce: “Allahu Ta’ala Ya halicci mutane. Ya samar da ni daga mafi alherin ɓangaren mutane. Sannan Ya zaɓi mafi alherin waɗannan ɓangarori (a Ƙasar Larabawa). Ya samar da ni daga gare su. Sannan Ya zaɓi mafi alherin gidaje, na iyalai, Ya kawo ni duniya daga gare su. Saboda haka, raina da jikina su ne mafi alherin halittu. Sarƙar nasabata, kakannina, su ne mafi alherin mutane.”
A cikin wani hadisi mai daraja kuma an ce: “Allahu Ta’ala Ya halicci kowane abu daga babu. A cikin kowane abu Ya so mutane, Ya ba su daraja; a cikin mutane kuma Ya zaunar da zaɓaɓɓunSa a Ƙasar Larabawa. A cikin zaɓaɓɓun Ƙasar Larabawa kuma Ya zaɓe ni. Ya sanya ni a cikin zaɓaɓɓu, mafi alherin mutanen kowane zamani. Saboda haka, waɗanda suke son masu alaƙa da ni a Ƙasar Larabawa, saboda ni suke son su. Waɗanda suke ƙiyayya da su, sun yi ƙiyayya da ni.”
Lokacin da Allah Maɗaukaki Ya halicci Adamu,
Da Adamu Ya ƙawata wannan duniya.
Ya sa mala’iku suka yi wa Adamu sujada,
Ubangiji Mai karamci Ya yi masa baiwa mai yawa.
Ya sanya nurin Mustafa a goshinsa,
Ya ce: “Ka sani, wannan nurin MasoyiNa ne.”
Wannan nuri ya zauna a goshinsa,
Ya daɗe a tare da shi zamani mai tsawo.
Sannan, ka sani, ya koma goshin Hawwa’u,
A can ma ya zauna watanni da shekaru masu yawa.
An haifi Shisu – nuri ya koma gare shi,
A goshinsa nuri ya bayyana.
Ya iso ga Ibrahim da kuma Isma’ila,
Da zan faɗi sauran, magana za ta yi tsawo.
Haka nan, kamar zoben sarƙa, ba tare da yankewa ba,
Ya riƙa wucewa, har ya iso ga Mustafa.
Lokacin da wancan rahama ga talikai ya zo,
Nuri ya iso gare shi, a wurinsa ya zauna.
Idan kuna son ku tsira daga wuta,
Da ƙauna, da shauƙi, ku yi salati!
“Kai, wato nurinka, an riƙa juya shi daga masu sujada zuwa masu sujada, har ya koma, ya iso gare ka” Shu’ara’i: 219
Saboda Adamu alaihis-salam, mutum na farko da aka halitta, yana ɗauke da zarrar Muhammadu alaihis-salam, nurin Annabi yana haskakawa a goshinsa. Wannan zarra ta koma ga Nana Hawwa’u, daga gare ta zuwa ga Shisu alaihis-salam, haka nan ta riƙa wucewa daga maza tsarkaka zuwa mata tsarkaka, daga mata tsarkaka zuwa maza tsarkaka. Nurin Muhammadu alaihis-salam ma, tare da zarrar, ya riƙa wucewa daga goshi mai tsarki zuwa goshi mai tsarki. Duk lokacin da mala’iku suka dubi fuskar Adamu alaihis-salam, sukan ga nurin Muhammadu alaihis-salam a goshinsa, su nemi gafara (istigfari) a gare shi.
Lokacin da Adamu alaihis-salam yake gab da rasuwa, ya ce wa ɗansa Shisu alaihis-salam: “Ɗana! Wannan nuri da yake haskakawa a goshinka, nurin Annabi na ƙarshe ne, Muhammadu alaihis-salam. Ka miƙa shi ga mata muminai, masu kamun kai kuma tsarkaka, kuma ka yi wa ɗanka irin wannan wasiyya!”
Har zuwa ga Muhammadu alaihis-salam, dukkan ubanni sun yi wa ƴaƴansu wannan wasiyya. Dukkansu sun cika wannan wasiyya, suka auri ƴanmata mafi daraja kuma mafi kyawun tarbiyya. Nurin, yana wucewa ta goshin maza da mata tsarkaka, ya iso ga ainihin mai shi. Idan ɗaya daga cikin kakannin Shugabanmu Manzon Allah ya haifi ƴaƴa maza biyu, ko kuma wata ƙabila ta rabu gida biyu, nurin Annabinmu Muhammadu alaihis-salam yakan kasance a ɓangaren da ya fi daraja da alheri. A kowane ƙarni, mutumin da yake kakansa ana gane shi ta nurin da yake a fuskarsa. Akwai wata zaɓaɓɓiyar zuriya da take ɗauke da nurinsa; a kowane ƙarni fuskar mutumin wannan zuriya takan kasance mai kyau ƙwarai kuma mai nuri sosai. Da wannan nuri ake bambance shi a tsakanin ƴan’uwansa, ƙabilar da yake ciki kuma takan fi sauran ƙabilu ɗaukaka da daraja.9
Shugabanmu Annabi ya ce a cikin wani hadisi mai daraja: “Babu wani daga cikin kakannina da ya yi zina. Allahu Ta’ala Ya kawo ni daga ubanni tsarkaka, nagari, da uwaye tsarkaka. Da ɗaya daga cikin kakannina ya haifi ƴaƴa maza biyu, ni a mafi alherinsu, mafi kyawunsu nake kasancewa.” Wannan nuri, wanda tun daga Adamu alaihis-salam yake wucewa daga ɗa zuwa ɗa, ya koma ga Taruh, daga gare shi zuwa ga ɗansa Ibrahim alaihis-salam, sannan zuwa ga ɗansa Isma’ila alaihis-salam. Nurin, wanda a goshinsa ma yake haskakawa kamar rana, ya koma daga zuriyarsa zuwa ga Adnan, daga gare shi zuwa ga Ma’add, daga gare shi kuma zuwa ga Nizar. Lokacin da aka haifi Nizar, ubansa Ma’add, da ya ga nurin a goshin ɗansa, ya yi farin ciki; ya yi babban liyafa, ya ce: “Ga ɗa irin wannan, wannan liyafa abu ne kaɗan” – saboda haka sunan ɗan ya zama Nizar, wato “abu kaɗan”. Bayan haka kuma nurin ya riƙa wucewa bi da bi, har ya iso ga ainihin mai shi, Cikamakin Annabawa (Khatamul-Anbiya), ƙaunataccen Annabinmu, Muhammadu alaihis-salam.
Shugabanmu Annabi ya ce a cikin wani hadisi mai daraja: “Ni Muhammadu ne, ɗan Abdullahi, ɗan Abdulmuɗɗalib, ɗan Hashim (Amr), ɗan Abdu Manaf (Mughira), ɗan Ƙusayy (Zaid), ɗan Kilab, ɗan Murra, ɗan Ka’ab, ɗan Lu’ayy, ɗan Ghalib, ɗan Fihr, ɗan Malik, ɗan Nadr, ɗan Kinana, ɗan Khuzaima, ɗan Mudrika (Amir), ɗan Ilyas, ɗan Mudar, ɗan Nizar, ɗan Ma’add, ɗan Adnan. Duk lokacin da jama’ar da nake ciki ta rabu gida biyu, Allahu Ta’ala, babu shakka, Ya sanya ni a mafi alherin ɓangarorin biyu…”10
A cikin wani hadisi mai daraja kuma ya ce: “Allahu Ta’ala Ya zaɓi Isma’ila daga cikin ƴaƴan Ibrahim. Daga cikin ƴaƴan Isma’ila Ya zaɓi ƴaƴan Kinana. Daga cikin ƴaƴan Kinana Ya zaɓi Ƙuraishawa. Daga Ƙuraishawa Ya zaɓi ƴaƴan Hashim. Daga cikin ƴaƴan Hashim Ya zaɓi ƴaƴan Abdulmuɗɗalib. Daga cikin ƴaƴan Abdulmuɗɗalib kuma Ya zaɓe ni.”11
Nasabar Shugabanmu Annabi mai daraja har zuwa Adnan kamar haka take:
Muhammadu alaihis-salam Abdullahi Abdulmuɗɗalib (Shaiba) Hashim (Amr) Abdu Manaf (Mughira) Ƙusayy (Zaid) Kilab Murra Ka’ab Lu’ayy Ghalib Fihr Malik Nadr Kinana Khuzaima Mudrika (Amir) Ilyas Mudar Nizar Ma’add Adnan
Kakansa Abdulmuɗɗalib
Shugabanmu Annabi (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) daga reshen ƴaƴan Hashim na ƙabilar Ƙuraishawa yake. Ubansa Abdullahi ne. Uban Abdullahi kuma Shaiba ne. Shaiba, kakan Annabinmu, an haife shi a Madina. Lokacin da ubansa Hashim ya rasu, Shaiba yana yaro. Wata rana a Madina, a gaban gidan kawunansa, yana koyon harbin baka tare da abokansa. Manyan da suke kallonsu suka gane, ta nurin da yake haskakawa a goshin Shaiba, cewa shi ɗan wani mutum mai daraja ne, suka yi mamaki.
Da lokacin harbi ya zo kan Shaiba, ya ja bakansa ya saki kibiyarsa zuwa ga abin hari. Da kibiyar ta sami abin harin daidai, sai ya ce, cikin tsananin farin ciki: “Ni ɗan Hashim ne. Ba shakka kibiyata takan sami abin harinta!” Daga waɗannan maganganunsa, suka gane cewa shi ɗan Hashim ne, mutumin Makka. A lokacin Hashim ya riga ya rasu.
Ɗaya daga cikin ƴaƴan Abdu Manaf, da ya koma Makka, ya ce wa Muɗɗalib, ɗan’uwan Hashim: “Ɗan wanka Shaiba, da yake a Madina, yaro ne mai hankali ƙwarai. A goshinsa kuma wani nuri yana haskakawa, wanda yake ba kowa mamaki. Shin daidai ne yaro mai daraja irin wannan ya kasance a nesa da ku?” Sai Muɗɗalib ya tafi Madina nan take, ya ɗauko ɗan wansa Shaiba ya kawo Makka. A titunan Makka, ga waɗanda suke tambaya “Wane ne wannan yaro?” yakan ce: “Bawana ne.” Bayan haka sunan Shaiba ya zama Abdulmuɗɗalib, wanda yake nufin “bawan Muɗɗalib”.12
“Ɗana! Wannan nuri da yake haskakawa a goshinka, nurin Annabi na ƙarshe ne, Muhammadu alaihis-salam. Ka miƙa shi ga mata muminai, masu kamun kai kuma tsarkaka, kuma ka yi wa ɗanka irin wannan wasiyya!” Adamu alaihis-salam
Abdulmuɗɗalib ya zauna a wurin baffansa Muɗɗalib har zuwa lokacin da ya rasu. Daga jiki mai albarka na Abdulmuɗɗalib ƙanshin miski yake fitowa. A goshinsa nurin Muhammadu alaihis-salam, habibin Allahu Ta’ala, yana haskakawa, yana yaɗa alheri da albarka a kewayensa. Duk lokacin da ba a yi ruwan sama ba a garin Makka, aka yi fari, mutanen Makka sukan kama hannun Abdulmuɗɗalib, su kai shi dutsen Sabir, su roƙe shi ya yi addu’a. Shi kuwa ba ya ɓata wa kowa rai, yakan yi addu’a ga Allahu Ta’ala Ya ba su ruwan sama. Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki kuma, saboda albarkar nurin ƙaunataccen Annabinmu da yake haskakawa a goshin Abdulmuɗɗalib, Yakan karɓi addu’arsa, Ya aiko da ruwan sama mai yawa. Ta haka daraja da martabar Abdulmuɗɗalib suka riƙa ƙaruwa kullum. Mutanen Makka suka zaɓe shi shugaba a kansu. Babu mai saɓa masa, wanda ya shiga ƙarƙashin umarninsa kuma yakan sami nutsuwa da kwanciyar hankali. Hatta sarakunan zamanin suna tabbatar da falalar Abdulmuɗɗalib da girmansa. Kisra, Sarkin Farisa, shi kaɗai ne yake hassadarsa, yana ƙiyayya da shi a fili da a ɓoye. Abdulmuɗɗalib hanifi ne, wato Musulmi.13 Yana kan tafarkin tauhidi, yana imani da samuwar Allah da kaɗaitakarSa, ba shi da wani tunani in ba Shi ba, kuma yana kan addinin kakansa Ibrahim alaihis-salam, wanda yake hanifi. Saboda haka bai taɓa bauta wa gumaka ba, har ma bai kusance su ba.
A kewayen Ka’aba yakan yi addu’a ga Allahu Ta’ala, ya yi ibadarsa.
Zamzam
Wata rana a mafarki wani mutum ya ce masa: “Ya Abdulmuɗɗalib! Tashi ka haƙa Ɗayyiba!” – sai ya ɓace. Washegari ya ce masa: “Tashi, ka haƙa Barra!” A rana ta uku kuma mutumin nan ya ba da umarni: “Tashi, ka haƙa Madnuna!” Mafarkin bai yanke ba. A rana ta huɗu kuwa, mutumin nan ya sake cewa: “Ya Abdulmuɗɗalib! Tashi, ka haƙa rijiyar Zamzam!”, sai Abdulmuɗɗalib ya tambaya: “Mene ne Zamzam? Ina rijiyar take?” Mutumin ya ce: “Zamzam wani ruwa ne da ba ya raguwa, ba a kuma kaiwa ƙasansa. Yana ishe mahajjata masu zuwa daga sasannin duniya huɗu. Ya ɓuɓɓugo ne daga wurin da Jibrilu alaihis-salam ya bugi ƙasa da fikafikansa. Ruwa ne da Allahu Ta’ala Ya halitta saboda Isma’ila alaihis-salam. Yana kashe ƙishirwar masu ƙishi. Yana ƙosar da mayunwata, kuma waraka ne ga marasa lafiya. Zan nuna maka wurinsa. Lokacin da suka yanka dabbobi, sukan zuba ragowar a wani wuri. Lokacin da kake wurin, wata hankaka mai jan baki za ta zo.
Za ta zazzage ƙasa da bakinta. A wurin da hankakar ta zazzage, za ka ga gidan tururuwa kuma. Nan ɗin ne wurin Zamzam.”14
Da safe, Abdulmuɗɗalib ya ɗauki ɗansa Haris, ya tafi Ka’aba, ya fara jira cike da ɗoki. Wani lokaci, kamar yadda aka faɗa a mafarki, hankaka mai jan baki ta zo, ta sauka a wani rami da yake wurin, ta fara dukan ƙasa da bakinta. Daga ƙarƙashinta gidan tururuwa ya bayyana. Abdulmuɗɗalib da ɗansa Haris suka fara haƙa wurin nan take. Bayan sun haƙa na ɗan lokaci, bakin rijiyar ya bayyana. Da Abdulmuɗɗalib ya ga haka, ya fara kabbara: “Allahu akbar, Allahu akbar!”
Ƙuraishawa, waɗanda tun daga farko suke bibiyar haƙar rijiyar da kyau, suka juya gare shi suka ce: “Ya Abdulmuɗɗalib! Wannan rijiyar ubanmu Isma’ila ce. Mu ma muna da haƙƙi a cikinta. Dole ka sa mu cikin wannan aiki!” Amma Abdulmuɗɗalib ya ƙi nan take, ya ce: “A’a! Wannan aiki wani aiki ne da aka ba ni ni kaɗai.” Sai Ƙuraishawa suka ce: “Kai kaɗai ne. In ba ɗanka guda ɗaya ba, ba ka da kowa. Ta haka ba za ka iya tunkararmu ba!”
Rijiyar Zamzam
Rijiyar Zamzam
ta kasance a cikin Masallacin Harami, a gaban kusurwar Hajarul-Aswad. Tana da baki na dutse. Ƙasanta an shimfiɗa ta da marmara, kuma tana gangarowa zuwa ga bangwaye. Abdulhamid Khan na Ɗaya ya sa aka gina ta yadda ruwa ba zai zuba ba. Wannan kyakkyawan aikin fasaha, abin tunawa mai daraja na tarihi, an rushe shi a shekara ta 1963. Bakin rijiyar da ƴan mitoci a kewayenta an gangarar da su ƴan mitoci ƙasa. Daga baya kuma aka rufe ta gaba ɗaya, aka shimfiɗa marmara. A yau wannan rijiya ba a ganinta.
A lokacin zuciyarsa ta yi ciwo, domin suna zarginsa da rashin kowa. Ya ɗaga hannuwansa sama, ya roƙa: “Ya Ubangijina! Ka ba ni ƴaƴa maza goma. Idan Ka karɓi wannan addu’a tawa, zan yanka ɗaya daga cikinsu a Ka’aba.”15
Abdulmuɗɗalib ya yi tunanin cewa al’amarin haƙar rijiyar yana neman ya kai ga haɗari, a ƙarshe kuma za a iya samun faɗa mai zafi. Saboda haka ya daina haƙa, ya zaɓi hanyar sulhu.
Ya so a warware al’amarin ta hannun wani mai yanke hukunci. A ƙarshe suka yanke shawarar cewa wani boka (kahini) da yake zaune a Dimashƙ zai samo masa mafita. Aka tashi tafiya tare da wasu daga cikin manyan Ƙuraishawa. A hanya, da ƙishirwa da zafi suka tsananta wa ayarin ƙwarai, sai ya kasa motsi. Sun kai har suna shirye su ba da rayukansu saboda ɗigon ruwa guda. Duk da cewa wannan ne kaɗai burinsu, samun ruwa a tsakiyar hamada mai ƙuna ba zai yiwu ba.
A lokacin da kowa ya yanke ƙauna, Abdulmuɗɗalib ya yi musu ihu: “Ku zo, ku zo! Ku taru! Na sami ruwan da zai ishe ku da dabbobinku!” Lokacin da Abdulmuɗɗalib, wanda yake ɗauke da nuri mai albarka na Muhammadu alaihis-salam a goshinsa, yake neman ruwa, ƙafar raƙuminsa ta yi tuntuɓe da wani babban dutse, kuma da dutsen ya motsa daga wurinsa, sai ruwa ya ɓuɓɓugo daga ƙarƙashinsa. Kowa ya zo da gudu.
Suka sha ruwa har suka ƙoshi, kamar sun sake samun rai.
Ƙuraishawa, da kunya ta kama su a gaban wannan girma na Abdulmuɗɗalib, suka ce: “Ya Abdulmuɗɗalib! Ba mu da wata magana da za mu ƙara faɗa maka. Kai ne mafi cancantar haƙa rijiyar Zamzam. Ba za mu ƙara yin jayayya da kai ba a kan wannan al’amari. Babu kuma buƙatar zuwa wurin mai yanke hukunci, za mu koma.” Suka kama hanyar Makka. Saboda nurin da yake haskakawa a goshinsa, Abdulmuɗɗalib ya sami darajar haƙa rijiyar Zamzam da fitar da ruwanta.16
“Zamzam yana ƙosarwa kuma waraka ne ga mara lafiya” Hadisi mai daraja
Ɗan da aka yi niyyar yankawa
Bayan Abdulmuɗɗalib ya haƙa rijiyar Zamzam, martabarsa da shahararsa suka ƙara ƙaruwa. Shekaru suka shuɗe. Allah Maɗaukakin Sarki Ya karɓi addu’ar da ya yi daga zurfin zuciyarsa, Ya ba Abdulmuɗɗalib, ban da Haris, ƴaƴa maza goma da mata shida. Sunayen waɗannan ƴaƴa maza su ne Ƙusam, Abu Lahab, Abdulka’aba, Hajl, Zubair, Abu Ɗalib, Abdullahi, Ghaidaƙ, Dirar da Muƙawwim (Hamza da Abbas ba a haife su ba tukuna). Ƴaƴan mata kuwa Safiyya, Atika, Ummu Hakim Baida, Barra, Umaima da Arwa ne. A cikin ƴaƴansa, Abdulmuɗɗalib ya fi son Abdullahi, domin nurin da yake a goshinsa ya fara haskakawa a goshin Abdullahi.
Wata rana a mafarki aka ce wa Abdulmuɗɗalib: “Ya Abdulmuɗɗalib! Cika bakancenka!”
Da safe Abdulmuɗɗalib ya yanka rago. Da dare a mafarki aka umarce shi: “Ka yanka wanda ya fi wannan girma!” Da safe ya yanka sa. Da aka sake umartarsa a mafarki da ya yanka wanda ya fi wannan girma, sai ya tambaya: “Mene ne wanda ya fi wannan girma?” Sai aka ce masa: “Ka yi bakancen cewa idan aka ba ka ƴaƴa maza goma, za ka yanka ɗaya daga cikin ƴaƴanka. Cika bakancenka!”
Washegari Abdulmuɗɗalib ya tara ƴaƴansa, ya faɗa musu addu’ar da ya yi shekaru da suka wuce. Sannan ya sanar wa ƴaƴansa cewa dole ne ya yanka ɗaya daga cikinsu. Bai ga wata adawa daga wurin ƴaƴansa ba. Maimakon haka ma, suka nuna yarda, suka ce: “Ya babanmu! Cika bakancenka! Kana da ƴanci ka yi abin da kake so!” Abdulmuɗɗalib ya jefa ƙuri’a domin ya tantance ɗan da za a yanka. Ƙuri’a ta faɗa a kan ɗan da ya fi so – Abdullahi, wanda yake ɗauke da nurin Muhammadu alaihis-salam, habibin Allahu Ta’ala, a goshinsa. Abdulmuɗɗalib ya yi tangaɗi na ɗan lokaci; idanunsa suka cika da hawaye. Dole ne ya cika alkawarin da ya yi wa Allahu Ta’ala. Ya ɗauki wuƙa a hannu ɗaya, a ɗaya hannun kuma ɗansa Abdullahi, ƙwayar idonsa, ya nufi Ka’aba domin ya cika alkawarin da ya yi wa Ubangijinsa. Uban, da hawaye a idanunsa, ya kammala dukkan shirye-shirye na yanka Abdullahi. A lokacin, manyan Ƙuraishawa suna bibiyar al’amarin da kallo cike da mamaki.
Daga cikinsu, kawun Abdullahi ya ce: “Ya Abdulmuɗɗalib! Tsaya! Mu ba mu yarda ko kaɗan ka yanka wannan ɗanka ba. Idan ka yi irin wannan abu, bayan haka zai zama al’ada a tsakanin Ƙuraishawa. Kowa zai yi bakancen yanka ɗansa, ya yanka shi. Kada ka zama wanda ya buɗe hanyar irin wannan abu! Ka yardar da Ubangijinka ta wata hanya daban!” Sannan ya ba da shawara: “Ka tambayi wani boka, domin ya nuna maka hanya.”
Bisa wannan magana, Abdulmuɗɗalib ya tafi wurin wani boka mai suna Ƙuɗba (ko Sajak), da yake a Khaibar, ya bayyana masa halin da ake ciki. Bokan ya tambaya: “A wurinku diyyar mutum nawa ce?” Da ya sami amsar “Raƙuma goma”, sai ya ce: “Ku jefa ƙuri’a tsakanin raƙuma goma da ɗanku. Idan ƙuri’a ta faɗa a kan ɗanku, ku ƙara raƙuma goma kuma ku sake jefa ƙuri’a. Ku ci gaba da ƙarawa haka har ƙuri’a ta faɗa a kan raƙuma.”
Abdulmuɗɗalib ya koma Makka nan take, ya yi kamar yadda bokan ya faɗa. Yana ƙara raƙuma goma-goma, ya jefa ƙuri’a sau da yawa. Kullum a kan Abdullahi take faɗuwa. Amma da adadin raƙuma ya kai ɗari, ƙuri’a ta faɗa a kan raƙuma. Domin tabbatarwa, ya sake jefawa sau biyu. A dukkan biyun, ƙuri’a ta faɗa a kan raƙuma. Abdulmuɗɗalib, yana kabbara – “Allahu akbar! Allahu akbar!” –, ya yanka raƙuman. Daga namansu, shi da kansa ko ɗaya daga cikin ƴaƴansa bai ɗauki kome ba. Ya rarraba dukkansu ga matalauta.17
Tun daga zamanin Adamu alaihis-salam, akwai kuma al’amarin yankan Isma’ila alaihis-salam. Saboda nasabar Shugabanmu Annabi ta koma ga Isma’ila alaihis-salam, ya ce: “Ni ɗan abubuwan yanka biyu ne.”18
Ubansa Abdullahi
Lokacin da aka haifi Abdullahi, wanda yake ɗauke da nurin Annabinmu Muhammadu alaihis-salam, Shugaban Duniya da Lahira, a goshinsa, Ma’abuta Littafi suka sanar wa juna: “An haifi uban Annabin ƙarshen zamani a Makka.” Bani Isra’ila suna da wata jabba da aka saƙa da ulu; jabbar ta Yahaya alaihis-salam ce, tana jikinsa lokacin da aka yi masa shahada, kuma jininsa mai albarka ya shafi wannan jabba. A littattafansu kuma an rubuta: “Duk lokacin da wannan jini ya sabunta, ya fara ɗiga, uban Annabin ƙarshen zamani zai zo duniya.” Da wannan alama ne Ma’abuta Littafi suka gane cewa an haifi Abdullahi. Amma duk da cewa, saboda hassada, sun yi niyyar kashe shi sau da yawa, Allahu Ta’ala Ya kare Abdullahi saboda albarkar nurin da yake a goshinsa.
Lokacin da Abdullahi ya kai balaga, ya zama mutum na musamman a tsakanin mutane, da kyawawan ɗabi’unsa da kuma kyawunsa. Musamman da ya cika shekara goma sha takwas, kyansa ya zama abin faɗa a bakin kowa. Nurin da yake a goshinsa yana haskakawa kamar rana, zukatan ƴanmatan da suka gan shi kuwa, so ko ƙi, sukan karkata zuwa gare shi. Kyansa da shahararsa sun bazu har zuwa Masar.
Daga nesa da kusa, mutane suka fara gasar ba shi ƴaƴansu mata aure. Sarakuna da dama suka zo wurin Abdulmuɗɗalib, suka ba da shawarar ya ɗauki ƴaƴansu mata don ɗansa. Suka kuma bayyana cewa suna shirye su yi kowace irin sadaukarwa saboda haka. Haka nan ƴanmata kusan ɗari biyu suka zo har Makka, suka bayyana buƙatar auren Abdullahi. Amma Abdulmuɗɗalib yakan ƙi kowace ɗaya daga cikinsu da kalmomi masu dacewa.
Domin abin da Abdulmuɗɗalib yake nema wa ɗansa yarinya hanifiya ce, wato Musulma – mafi kyawun tarbiyya, mafi daraja kuma mafi kyau –, mai riƙo da addinin kakanninsu, wanda suke bi tun daga Ibrahim alaihis-salam.
Da suka fahimci cewa Annabin ƙarshen zamani, wanda aka sanar a littattafansu, ba zai fito daga cikin mutanensu ba, Bani Isra’ila, saboda hassada, suka rantse za su kashe Abdullahi. Saboda wannan aiki suka aika da mutane saba’in masu makamai zuwa Makka. Suka fara jiran dama. A ƙarshe, wata rana da Abdullahi ya fita zuwa daji, a lokacin da suke tsammanin babu wanda yake ganinsu, suka zare takubbansu suka kai masa hari. A ranar, bisa hikimar Allah19, Wahb ɗan Abdu Manaf, ɗaya daga cikin danginsa, shi ma ya fita farauta tare da wasu abokansa. A daidai lokacin ne suka ga Bani Isra’ila suna faɗawa a kan Abdullahi. Saboda kishin dangi, suka yanke shawarar taimaka masa don su ceci Abdullahi. Amma abokan gaba suna da yawa ƙwarai. A bayyane yake cewa za a ci su a wannan faɗa. A ƙarshe suka ga ya dace su zaɓi hanyar nasiha. Lokacin da suke kusantarsu, suka ga mahaya da dama da ba su yi kama da kowa a wannan duniya ba, a kan baƙaƙen dawakai, takubba a hannu, sun iso daga gaibu kamar walƙiya, suna kai wa Bani Isra’ila hari da sautin kabbara, suka karkashe su duka da takobi, suka ɓace. Wahb ya yi mamakin abin da ya gani, ya fahimci yadda ake kare Abdullahi da kuma darajarsa a wurin Allahu Ta’ala.
Da ya dawo gida, ya faɗa wa matarsa abin da ya faru. Dukkansu biyu suka yarda cewa jarumin da ya dace da ƴarsu Abdullahi ne, suka yanke shawarar ba shi Amina aure.
“Ni ɗan abubuwan yanka biyu ne” Hadisi mai daraja
Abdulmuɗɗalib ma ya ji labarin kyau, kamun kai, kunya da riƙon addini na Amina, ƴar Wahb, shugaban ƙabilar Banu Zuhra. Ta fuskar nasaba ma dangi ne: nasabobinsu suna haɗuwa ƴan tsararraki kaɗan a sama. Ya tafi gidan Wahb domin ya nema wa ɗansa Abdullahi wannan yarinya. Da Abdulmuɗɗalib ya nema wa ɗansa Abdullahi ƴar Wahb, Wahb ya ce: “Ya ɗan baffana! Mu mun karɓi wannan shawara kafin ku”, ya kuma ba da labarin al’amarin da ya shaida a baya. Sannan ya ƙara da cewa: “Uwar Amina ta yi mafarki. Bisa abin da ta faɗa, wani nuri ya shiga gidanmu, haskensa ya cika ƙasa da sammai. Ni ma a daren nan na ga kakanmu Ibrahim alaihis-salam a mafarki. Ya ce mini: ‘Ni da kaina na ɗaura auren Abdullahi, ɗan Abdulmuɗɗalib, da ƴarka Amina. Kai ma ka amince!’ Tun safiyar yau ina ƙarƙashin tasirin wannan mafarki. Ina ta tunanin yaushe ne za su zo.” Da ya ji waɗannan maganganu, daga bakin Abdulmuɗɗalib kalmomin nan suka fito: “Allahu akbar! Allahu akbar!”
A ƙarshe ya aurar da ɗansa Abdullahi, mai shekara goma sha takwas, da Amina, ƴar Wahb, mai shekara goma sha huɗu. A kan auren Amina da Abdullahi akwai wasu riwayoyi kuma.20
Nurinsa mai albarka ya koma ga uwarsa
Lokacin da nuri mai albarka na Jagoran Talikai (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam) ya koma ga uwarsa, kyarketai da tsuntsaye suka yi wa juna bushara:
“Lokacin da Shugaban Halittu zai albarkaci duniya da zuwansa ya kusa; shi ne amintacce21na duniya, ranar zamani.” A daren nan, dukkan gumakan da suke Ka’aba suka faɗi rub da ciki. Shaiɗanu suka gaza, suka kasa yin ayyukansu. Mala’iku suka farfasa kujerar sarautar Iblis, suka jefa ta cikin teku, kuma har kwana arba’in suka hukunta Iblis, suka azabtar da shi. Daga nan ya gudu, ya hau kan dutsen Abu Ƙubais, ya yi wani kuka mai tsanani. Dukkan rundunoninsa, da suka ji wannan kukan Iblis, suka taru a kewayensa. Ya ce musu: “Kaitonku! Haihuwar Muhammadu alaihis-salam ta kusa. Daga yanzu ba za a ƙara bauta wa Lata da Uzza ba. Nurin tauhidi zai bazu a dukkan duniya.” A daren nan dukkan masihirta da bokaye suka gaza a sana’o’insu. Bokanci ya ƙare. Sihirinsu ya rasa tasiri. A daren nan mazauna duniya suka ji wata murya daga sama: “Lokacin da Annabin ƙarshen zamani zai zo da dubban alheri da ni’imomi ya kusa.”
A lokacin akwai fari a Makka al-Mukarrama. Shekaru da dama ba a yi ruwan sama ba. Babu koren ganye a itatuwa; ba a ganin alamar amfanin gona. Mutane sun faɗa cikin ƙunci, sun kasa sanin abin da za su yi. Bayan nuri mai albarka na ƙaunataccen Annabinmu ya koma daga Abdullahi zuwa ga Nana Amina, aka yi ruwan sama mai yawa, aka sami amfanin gona mai yawa, har aka sa wa shekarar nan suna “shekarar yalwa”. A cikin watanni tara da take ɗauke da cikinsa, Nana Amina ba ta ji wani ciwo ko wahala ba.
Lokacin da cikin uwarmu Amina yake da wata biyu, mijinta Abdullahi ya tafi Dimashƙ don kasuwanci. A dawowarsa ya yi rashin lafiya. Ya rasu a Darun-Nabigha, a kewayen Madina, a wurin kawunansa, ƴaƴan Najjar, yana da shekara goma sha takwas ko ashirin da biyar.22 Da wannan labari ya isa Makka, birnin duka ya nutse cikin baƙin ciki.23
“Lokacin da Abdullahi, uban Shugabanmu Annabi, ya rasu kafin a haifi ɗansa, mala’iku suka ce: ‘Ya Ubangijinmu! ManzonKa ya zama maraya’” Abdullahi ɗan Abbas (radiyallahu anhuma)
Abdullahi ɗan Abbas (radiyallahu anhuma), ɗaya daga cikin Sahabbai masu girma, ya ruwaito: “Lokacin da Abdullahi, uban Shugabanmu Annabi, ya rasu kafin a haifi ɗansa, mala’iku suka ce: ‘Ya Ubangijinmu! ManzonKa ya zama maraya.’ Allahu Ta’ala Ya ce: ‘Ni ne mai kare shi da mai taimakonsa.’”
Nana Amina ta yi baƙin ciki ƙwarai da mutuwar mijinta. A wata waƙa ta yi kukan rasuwarsa kamar haka:
A lokacin da ba a zata ba, ajali ya ɗauke shi,
Alhali shi mai karamci ne ƙwarai, mai tausayi ƙwarai.
Al’amarin Giwa
Al’amarin Giwa
Saura kamar wata biyu a haifi Manzo Mafi Daraja (sallallahu alaihi wa sallam). A wannan lokaci ne al’amarin Giwa ya faru. Abraha, gwamnan Yaman na Daular Habasha, wanda ya so ya hana mutanen da suke zuwa tururuwa daga ko’ina ziyartar Ka’aba, ya sa aka gina babban coci mai suna “Ƙullais” a San’a, da taimakon Sarkin Rum. Ya so mutane su riƙa ziyartar wannan coci. Amma Larabawa, da suke ziyartar Ka’aba tun da daɗewa, ba su ba cocin da Abraha ya gina wata daraja ba. Suka dube shi da idon raini. Har ma ɗaya daga cikinsu ya ƙazantar da cocin.
Wannan al’amari ya ɓata wa Abraha rai, sai ya yanke shawarar rushe Ka’aba; saboda haka ya shirya babbar runduna ya nufi Makka. Lokacin da rundunar Abraha ta kusanci Makka, sojojin suka fara washe dukiyar Ƙuraishawa, suka kuma ƙwace raƙuma ɗari biyu na Abdulmuɗɗalib. Abdulmuɗɗalib ya tafi wurin Abraha ya nemi raƙumansa. Abraha ya ce: “Ni na zo ne domin in rushe Ka’abarku mai tsarki. Kai ba ka son ka kare ta, raƙumanka kake nema?”
Abdulmuɗɗalib ya ce: “Ni mai raƙuma ne. Ka’aba lalle tana da Mai ita. Shi ne zai kare ta.” “Babu wanda zai kare ta daga gare ni!” in ji Abraha, sai ya ba Abdulmuɗɗalib raƙumansa ya sallame shi. Sannan ya ba rundunarsa umarnin tafiya zuwa ga Ka’aba. A cikin rundunar Abraha akwai wata giwa mai suna “Mahmuda”, wadda ake tafiyar da ita a gaba, ana kuma ganin cewa ta haka za a sami nasara. Nuƙail ɗan Labib, ɗaya daga cikin masu nuna hanya na Abraha, ya sunkuya zuwa kunnen ƙatuwar giwar ya ce: “Ya Mahmuda, gidan da za ki rushe gidan Allahu Ta’ala ne. Ki durƙusa nan take! Kada ki ci gaba! In ba haka ba za ki halaka!” Lokacin da Abraha ya fuskantar da ita zuwa Ka’aba, giwar ta durƙusa a ƙasa, ta ƙi tafiya. Amma idan aka juya ta zuwa ga Yaman, sai ta tafi da gudu.
Ta haka, a kan rundunar Abraha, wadda ta kusanci Makka amma ba ta da ƙarfin kai hari, Allahu Ta’ala Ya aiko da gungun tsuntsaye da ake kira Ababil, wato ƙananan tsuntsayen tsaunuka. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan tsuntsaye yana ɗauke da duwatsu uku, girmansu kamar ƙwayar wake ko ta adas: ɗaya a bakinsa, biyu kuma a ƙafafunsa. Suka sake su a kan rundunar Abraha. Duwatsun suna huda sojojin daga kai har ƙasa, suna fita. Kowane soja da dutse ya sami, nan take yake mutuwa. Kamar yadda aka sanar a aya mai girma, rundunar ta zama kamar ganyen shuka da aka cinye. Da Abraha ya ga haka, ya firgita, ya so ya gudu. Amma bai iya ba. Shi ne ainihin wanda duwatsun suke nema; su ma suka same shi. Yana gudu, namansa yana zubewa guntu-guntu, haka ya mutu. Wannan al’amari an sanar da shi a cikin Suratul Fil ta Alƙur’ani mai girma, a ma’ana, kamar haka: “(Ya ManzoNa!) Shin ba ka ga yadda Ubangijinka Ya aikata ga mutanen giwa ba (rundunar Abraha, wadda ta zo da giwaye, da ta so ta rushe Ka’aba)? Ashe bai sanya makircinsu (na rushe Ka’aba mai girma) a cikin ɓata ba? Ya aiko musu da tsuntsaye jama’a-jama’a. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan tsuntsaye yana jifansu da duwatsu da aka yi da yumɓu, aka gasa a wuta. Daga ƙarshe Allahu Ta’ala Ya halakar da su, Ya mayar da su kamar ganyen shuka da asu ya cinye. (Ya mayar da su kamar ragowar ganyen shuka da tsutsotsi suka cinye, suka yayyanka.)”24
“Ni mai raƙuma ne. Ka’aba lalle tana da Mai ita. Shi ne zai kare ta” Shaibatul-Hamd
Ƙasar Larabawa da cibiyoyin al’adu da ke kewaye da ita
